The Buda castle is known as (Várnegyed - Castle Quarter) or as (Vár - Castle). The Buda castle is a part of the I. district. The Castle Quarter got it's name in the year of 1978 after got listed in the UNESCO World Heritage list. A number of medieval origin historic art relic (houses and public buildings) are located in the castle district of Buda, from the 17-18. century.

About it's name

The Buda castle quarter's offical name simply is (Vár).
Besides usually it's casual name is Várnegyed (Castle quarter) or Budai vár (Buda castle). These two can not hurt to clarify the latter in a narrower sense, because people think sometimes only the southern half of the Buda castle district of Buda Palace.

Location

The castle quarter geographically is located on the (Várhegy - mount castle). It's border is the castle wall, what close the castle completely around. Example starting clockwise from the Gate Bécsi (Vienna) we will arrive again to the Gate Bécsi.

History

The construction of the castle started in 1243 then known as "pesti Újhegy" (Pest's new mount), as Buda castle today.
Due to the expected Mongolian attack the construction was accelerated In 1246. In 1255 Béla the IV. noticed the castle in his diploma, as a ready built castle.
In 1279 László the IV. the Rector of Buda helped to exclude the prelacy from Buda.
After 6 years the Tatars usuccessfully siege the fortress.
In the year of 1289 Lodomér the Archbishop of Esztergom faced excommunication the Buda rector, ispán Walter and the citizens of Buda.
In 1302 Charles Robert unsuccessfully attacked Buda by Csák the son of Mark II. with the ispán Stephen Bakonyi the III. and Vencel party of gentlemens and against the citizens of Buda. Then Pope Boniface the VIII. faced excommuncation Vencel (Wenceslas) and the Buda citizens.
In return, the citizens of Buda (the unique event in history) fulminate the Roman Pope.
In 1304 Vencel the III. left the country.
In 1307 a papal regulation declared Buda heretical.
In June of this year, the Charles Robert loyal citizens picked up the domination in the city.
In 1311 Armies of Matthew Csák was unsuccessfully siege the fortress, against the Charles loyal citizens.
In the years of 1330 the castle Quarter's southern end the Anjou reign, King Charles Robert and his sons, Stephen Duke, and King Louis I. began to build a Palace.
In 1354, (The Great), King Louis moved the civil list from Visegrád to Buda.
The development of the city and the castle continued until the Turkish times.
Between 1430 and 1410, King Sigismund has built the fresh-palace.
The palace destroyed  of the 1578's and of the 1686's gunpowder explosion.
The medieval palace, the hall, the royal apartments, the construction of the observatory and the library was finished by King Matthias.
The souhern greate rondella was finished at this time.
On the 11th of may 1525. a riot broke out in a few days.
A year later, Louis the II. the King left the protecion of the Castle to reeve John Bornemissza.
On 2nd of septebre 1526 after a battle at Mohács Sultan Suleiman marched into Buda.
11 days later, after he robbed and burned the castle and the city, Suleiman gone with his armies.
On 31rd of october after the loss of the battle of Mohacs the castle got occupied by the Transylvanian voivode John Szapolyai. In july 1527. austrian archduke Ferdinand the I., were hunt down by the Hungarian King.
On 3rd of septembre 1529. king  John the I. (Szapolyai) got back in. In 1530 Imperial General Roggendorf besieged the fortress unsuccessfully.
King John after the siege of Domenico da Bologna the Italian engineer repairs the damaged walls.
On 29th of august in 1541. Sultan Suleiman has occupied it with trick.
The Hungarians failed siege of the fortress in the following year. In 1566 another failed attempt to recapture.
In 1599 Miklós Pálffy and Tamás Nádasdy and Adolf Schwarzenberg had unsuccessfully attacked the castle.
Between 2nd of october and 15th of november in 1602. imperial general Christopher Hermann Ruswurm also failed to occupy. The first siege has begun on 10th of july 1684. led by Lorraine Prince Charles and Miksa Emanuel elector of Bavaria against the Turks. The siege stopped after 109 days. On 24th of june 1686 the castle's successful siege has started.  On 2nd of september 1686 Buda was recaptured by the Allied armies. Free robbery has begun in the castle, fire destroyed and the people were slaughtered. After the recapture the walls, the restoration began immediately. German population were immigrated. From 4th of may until 21st of may 1849. after the siege General Arthur Görgey's militants captured the castle of the Imperial army. After beating down the freedom fight the Imperials have begun the restoration of the ruined castle. In doing so, built between 1875 and 1882, Castle Garden bazaar got finished, the water rondella and the connecting walls to the Danube were decomposed. In the II World War 1944-1945, Buda castle had to survive a serious siege.
The archaeological exploration of the castle and the civil city's and the restoration started in 1946. The Buda Castle and the castle quarter major part destroyed in the World War II. Most of the buildings were rebuilt restored, some of them were demolished and a part got a newer simpler front, of the 1960-years renovation.

Transportation

The castle quarter is a sealed area of the car traffic. Entering to the castle from north of Moscow square take the 16, 16A, or the 116 bus or on foot from the Attila street, from the south on foot take the elevator at the Taban while the east by the bus 16 and with the funicular and the Toldy the Catholic University's High School, as well as from the Fisherman bastian can get in on foot.

Sights

Medieval origin houses of the Castle District houses.

The destroyed castle garden bazaar from 1908.

Vienna gate square

Vienna gate

Buda castle Lutheran Church

Hungarian National Archives

Buda castle's greate rondella

Buda castle's maze

Buda castle's palace

Budapest historycal museum

Tower István

Hungarian National Gallery

Szécheny's National Library

Buda castle's funicular

clubs tower

Ornament square

Fehérvári rondella

Gothic houses

Military Institute and Museum

Fishermans bastian

Temple of Maria Magdolna

Church Mathias

Pharmacy Museum

Old town hall of Buda

Palace-Sándor

Holy Trinity Statue

Rock hospital

Castle cave

Castle theatre

Source: Wikipedia